Question Bank

Software project design, development, and implementation are typically divided into two major stages: the Engineering Stage and the Production Stage. Each stage has distinct goals, activities, and deliverables. Below is a detailed explanation of both stages: 1. Engineering Stage The Engineering Stage focuses on designing and developing the software solution. It involves understanding requirements, creating a blueprint, and building the … Read more

Software Economics is the study of the economic aspects of software development, including cost estimation, budgeting, resource allocation, and return on investment (ROI). It focuses on understanding how to optimize the development process to deliver high-quality software within budget and time constraints while maximizing value for stakeholders. Software Economics involves analyzing the trade-offs between cost, time, … Read more

Software Project Management involves planning, executing, and controlling software development projects to ensure they are completed on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards. Here are the eight major tasks of Software Project Management, along with examples: 1. Project Planning 2. Scope Management 3. Schedule Management 4. Cost Management 5. Quality Management 6. Resource Management 7. Risk Management 8. Communication Management … Read more

Software Process Improvement (SPI) is a systematic approach to enhancing the processes used in software development and maintenance. The goal of SPI is to improve the quality, efficiency, and predictability of software projects by identifying and addressing weaknesses in existing processes. SPI is often guided by frameworks like CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) or ISO/IEC 15504 (SPICE). Objectives of … Read more

Conservation Protocol and Multiversion Timestamp Protocol in Distributed Databases In distributed databases, concurrency control mechanisms ensure that multiple transactions can execute simultaneously without violating the integrity of the database. Timestamp-based concurrency control protocols are often used to order transactions based on timestamps to avoid conflicts like dirty reads, non-repeatable reads, and lost updates. Two of … Read more

Automation refers to the use of technology to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. It can be categorized into different levels based on the degree of human involvement and the complexity of the tasks being automated. Here are the common levels of automation: Process Automation Process Automation involves using technology to automate complex business processes, reducing … Read more

Derived Horizontal Fragmentation in Distributed Databases Horizontal fragmentation in distributed databases involves dividing a database table into smaller parts called fragments, where each fragment contains a subset of the table’s rows. In derived horizontal fragmentation, the condition used to divide the data into fragments is based on derived predicates or access patterns that come from … Read more

A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a hierarchical decomposition of a project into smaller, manageable components or tasks. It breaks down the project scope into deliverables and sub-deliverables, ensuring that all work required to complete the project is defined and organized. Each level of the WBS represents a more detailed definition of the project work. Key Characteristics … Read more

The Unified Process (UP) is an iterative and incremental software development methodology. It divides the project into phases, and within these phases, various artifacts (models, documents, and other deliverables) are produced. The main goal of UP is to ensure that the software development process remains manageable, adaptable, and that the resulting system meets the stakeholders’ … Read more

Parallel Database Architecture refers to a system design that splits a database operation into smaller tasks that can be executed simultaneously across multiple processors or machines. The goal of parallel database architecture is to increase the performance of database systems by distributing the workload and processing tasks in parallel. This helps improve query execution times, … Read more